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Body Sunscreen Organic Products:

Neutrogena, Wet Skin Kids, Beach & Pool, Sunscreen Stick, SPF 70+, 0.47 oz (13 g)

$6.60

The lightweight formula includes gentle cleansers and skin softeners, and is mildly scented with a natural essential oil blend of cottonseed, hibiscus and sandalwood. The formula smells more like sunscreen than the coppertone or no-ad lotion (And much more so than the scent-free cvs health sunscreen). There are plenty of natural ingredients (Like nuts) that children are allergic too. The first and most crucial step in baby sunburn prevention is avoiding too much time in direct sunlight. The environmental working group (Ewg) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization dedicated to protecting human health and the environment. Just be sure to limit the amount of time your baby spends in direct sunshine. Babyganics sunscreen spray spf 50 is another non-aerosol spray that testers reported was hard to rub in. Our broad spectrum formula gives your little ones 80 minutes of cannon balls and pencil dives in the pool and is meant for skin of all ages! The other interesting difference about uva is that it penetrates deeper through the skin than uvb. Overall, blue lizard baby sunscreen has been recommended by dermatologists and is safe to use on a baby. However, both contribute to the developm…


Think, Thinksport, Sunscreen, SPF 50+, For Kids, 6 fl oz (177 ml)

$16.50

Tom’s of maine baby sunscreen offers parents a natural, pediatrician-tested alternative for protecting baby’s skin. With two weeks in hawaii and fresh new 6 month old baby skin, i was worried our little bubba would probably get burned. The active mineral ingredients, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide remain on top of the skin, physically blocking and scattering the sun’s rays. Second, a recent study showed that parents were applying 25% of the right amount of sunscreen. I told my kids before we used it for the first time that this was a new sunscreen we were trying out, and to let me know if they liked the feel of this or our other one more. In ancient egypt and ancient rome, lavender was used for bathing, scenting the home, and treating ailments. Having a baby really inspires many new parents to take their healthy lifestyle to a new level, said liz eddy, brand manager at tom’s of maine and mom of two. First, a panel of nine people, myself included, tried the sunscreens in swatches on our arms in a blind test, with the bottles covered in duct tape to avoid the influence of brand names and marketing claims. Keep an eye out for changes to your skin.


BabyGanics, Mineral Based Sunscreen Lotion, SPF 50+, 2 oz (59 ml)

$4.20

This one does, and it offers a soothing solution for sun-exposed skin. Avoid washing your baby’s clothing in strong detergents, fabric softeners or antibacterial products. Simply put, mineral sunscreens are safer alternatives to their chemical cousins. Panelists generally liked eltamd uv sport broad-spectrum spf 50, a combination sunscreen lotion, rating it’s feel and appearance highly. No matter which formula you prefer, daily sunscreen use is among the most effective forms of skincare. Nobody enjoys the painful experience of a sunburn, but prolonged sun exposure is especially harmful to young babies. The second types of sunscreens are mineral based solutions. What factor sunscreen (Spf) should i use? If your baby is younger than six months, it’s best to keep her out of the sun completely.


Artnaturals, Summer Line, Glow Sunscreen Lotion, Broad Spectrum SPF 50+, 6 fl oz (177 ml)

$6.50

If you have dry skin, we recommend using this on top of a moisturizer or oil serum for better absorption. Plus, they combine two skin-care steps into one, so you are simply piling less gunk onto your skin, leaving behind less grease. Ashiness-wise, blake, our tester with a medium-deep skin tone, noticed there was a very slight purple tint, but it gradually absorbed. Janjua et al 40 studied the absorption of sunscreens bz-3, octyl-methoxycinnamate (Omc), and 3-(4-Methyl-benzylidene) camphor (4-Mbc) from topical application and their effects on the endogenous reproductive hormones in 32 healthy volunteers. With no breeze and spraying as close to the foil as possible, i found that nearly all of the sunscreen transferred to the surface. Coppertone ultra guard sunscreen lotion spf 70, a chemical sunscreen that earned top marks in our testing, is a great choice for most people. The more you burn, the greater your risk of skin cancer. Apply sunscreen 15 to 30 minutes before you go outside. The more melanin/pigment in your skin, the longer you can theoretically stay out in the sun naturally.


Neutrogena, CoolDry Sport with Micromesh, Sunscreen Lotion, SPF 70, 5.0 fl oz (147 ml)

$8.70

We also test for protection against ultraviolet a rays, which tan and age skin, and also, along with uvb rays, contribute to skin cancer. Q: Why is the fda concerned about these sunscreen ingredients? Spf is a relative measure of how long a sunscreen will protect you from sunburn. There might be a difference in how sheer an appearance they have once applied to the skin, says kenneth howe, a dermatologist at wexler dermatology in new york city. To protect your lips, apply a lip balm or lipstick that contains sunscreen with an spf of 30 or higher. For lotions, a good rule of thumb is to use a shot glass full (About an ounce) to cover your entire bathing-suit-clad body. Some may think covering up and limiting time in the sun is important only for those with lighter skin, but the recommendations against uv exposure apply to everyone.


Yadah, Oh My Sun Block 35, 1.69 fl oz (50 ml)

$12.00

The bingo marker-style applicator allows for even, fool-proof coverage and is also perfect for covering tattoos to keep them from fading in the sun. Melanin is a protective pigment that is found in your skin. Choosing the right natural sunscreen for your particular needs requires a little understanding of how sunscreens work. Physical sunscreens tend to be thicker and go on whiter. When we wrote about sunscreen for kids and babies earlier this month, lindsey bordone, an assistant professor of dermatology at the columbia university medical center and three other dermatologists recommended this specific brand from neutrogena, which is formulated for babies, features a broad-spectrum spf 50 shield against uva and uvb rays, and is dermatologist-tested, water-resistant, and hypoallergenic. Chemical sunscreens work a bit differently and have caused concern amongst dermatologists and researchers. To help you decide which spf is best, consider how sensitive your skin is, and how long it takes you to burn in the sun. Residues and when you apply it instead of making you look hydrated it gives you this pale look because the cream is thick on the skin. 1 Chemical sunscreens tend to be greas…


BabyGanics, Sunscreen Stick, SPF 50+, 0.47 oz (13 g)

$4.10

People who experience photoallergic contact dermatitis may have an allergic reaction to oxybenzone or another sunscreen ingredient. Teaching them about the importance of applying, and reapplying, sunscreen is key, says solomon. Unlike many other sensitive-skin sunscreens, aveeno baby continuous protection offers both sun protection and the skin-hydrating benefits of lotion. (Wang estimates that most people typically apply a third of the sunscreen they need). This lotion is top-rated by both consumers and the environmental working group, which reviews sunscreens based on ingredient safety. According to the american cancer society, carefully designed studies on breast cancer and parabens have found no connection. All sunscreens have a sun protection factor, or spf. Choose a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (Spf) of at least 15, look for the words broad spectrum on the label. From the pediatrician-recommended brand, this hypoallergenic baby sunscreen lotion is designed for baby’s sensitive skin and applies easily to lock in moisture without stinging. Nurture my body provides the gentle and nourishing baby products that can put your mind at ease and are ideal for delicate, sen…


Badger Company, Sport, Natural Mineral Sunscreen Cream, Clear Zinc, SPF 35, Unscented, 2.9 fl oz (87 ml)

$9.80

While the fda previously allowed sunscreens to be labeled water- and sweat-proof, regulations now mandate they can be labeled only water- and sweat- resistant for up to 40 or 80 minutes. But be aware that these physical sunscreens are also the types that can leave a white cast on your skin. Using sun protection regularly is one of the most important steps that you can take to promote healthy, youthful skin from head to toe. It rubs in easily and does not leave the skin greasy. Our broad spectrum formula gives your little ones 80 minutes of cannon balls and pencil dives in the pool and is meant for skin of all ages! We will definitely be reordering more sunscreen before our long summer is over as we plan to spend lots of time outdoors! While an organic sunscreen may sound wonderful on paper, it may not provide the kind of protection that you need.


Derma:B, Everyday Sun Block, SPF 50+ PA++++, 6.7 fl oz (200 ml)

$7.90

A user can determine the effectiveness of a sunscreen by multiplying the spf by the length of time it takes for him or her to suffer a burn without sunscreen. The fragrance-free formula is incredibly lightweight and feels super comfortable on your skin. Uv rays dry it out, break down collagen, and can cause skin cancer. No matter what brand of sunscreen you are looking for, check sam’s club. Once your skin is cleansed, the next step is this lightweight moisturizer. This sunscreen can be worn alone or even as a sheer primer under your makeup! Clearer, smoother, and truly brighter skin.


Badger Company, Sport, Natural Mineral Sunscreen Cream, SPF 35, Unscented, 2.9 fl oz (87 ml)

$10.20

Application is very thick and it leaves my skin appearing white, which i do not mind when applying on my kids. Because of this, most dermatologists recommend using mineral sunscreens instead of chemical sunscreens. Percentages of zinc oxide vary widely and can be up to 25% in sunscreens. The downside of mineral sunscreens is that they can be thick, take a long time to rub in, and leave a white tint on your skin. From a practical perspective, this kind of sunscreen can leave a chalky white color to the skin, especially on darker skin tones. Besides being gentle and effective, it rubs in much more quickly and easily than traditional sunscreens. When we wrote about sunscreen for kids and babies earlier this month, lindsey bordone, an assistant professor of dermatology at the columbia university medical center and three other dermatologists recommended this specific brand from neutrogena, which is formulated for babies, features a broad-spectrum spf 50 shield against uva and uvb rays, and is dermatologist-tested, water-resistant, and hypoallergenic. Yes, you should probably keep using sunscreen, although some who may want to play it extra safe could switch to sunscreens that contain…


Eucerin, Lotion, Daily Hydration, Dry Skin, SPF 15 Sunscreen, Fragrance Free, 16.9 fl oz (500 ml)

$8.60

Unfortunately, there are a lot of ineffective sunscreens on the market today. Update: A recent study conducted by the fda and published in the journal of the american medical association revealed that commonly used chemical sunscreens (Like oxybenzone, avobenzone, and octocrylene) are absorbed into the bloodstream at potentially toxic levels after just one day of use (Source)! However, recent research suggests that inorganic sunscreens actually protect skin by absorbing up to 95 percent of the rays. Many of these are enriched with vitamins to aid your skin, and some are medicated with ingredients like menthol and zinc oxide to help repair skin as well as keep it dry and relive pain and itching. Is filled with antioxidants and natural oils to keep your skin nourished and refreshed and is topped off with spf 40 to boot. A few weeks ago, a study was published in jama that randomly assigned 24 healthy people to one of four sunscreens. The international coral reef initiative says that more research is necessary, but that while we wait for such work to happen, we should be careful.


Neutrogena, Ultra Sheer, Dry-Touch Sunscreen SPF 100+, 3 fl oz (88 ml)

$9.00

Spf levels measure how much of the sun’s ultraviolet b (Uvb) rays a sunscreen filters out before it reaches your skin. What it is: A sheer, mineral sunscreen that provides hydrating, chemical- free sun protection for all skin types. The exact amount varied and seemed to depend on how carefully i was pointing the nozzle more than on the speed of the fan. On top of all that, ubiquinone also helps reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. No matter which formula you prefer, daily sunscreen use is among the most effective forms of skincare. However, recent research suggests that inorganic sunscreens actually protect skin by absorbing up to 95 percent of the rays. No-ad sport sunscreen lotion spf 50 nearly matched coppertone ultra guard in our feel testing and smell testing, though testers found it stickier. An amazing sunscreen for babies, adults with sensitive skin, or anyone looking for a great mineral sunscreen without the nasty chemicals. Available sunscreen options include lotions, creams, gels, ointments, wax sticks and sprays. The formula smells more like sunscreen than the coppertone or no-ad lotion (And much more so than the scent-free cvs health sunscreen). This mi…


Jason Natural, Family, Natural Sunscreen, SPF 45, 4 oz (113 g)

$5.80

Since you will be using this sunscreen while working out, it’s safe to say you will be breaking a sweat. Just take care around clothes, car seats, or anything else you want to avoid staining, and to that end, it probably will not do too well in water. With no breeze and spraying as close to the foil as possible, i found that nearly all of the sunscreen transferred to the surface. I have used a myriad of other highly rated mineral sunscreens and he has still burnt every single time. We eliminated one chemical sunscreen lotion, hawaiian tropic silk hydration lotion sunscreen spf 30, early on in our testing because of it’s bottle. The non-greasy formula with no added fragrance is made from colloidal oatmeal, which works to protect your skin with a barrier that attracts and locks in moisture. A few weeks ago, a study was published in jama that randomly assigned 24 healthy people to one of four sunscreens. And while broad spectrum sunscreen blocks some amount of uva, there is no standard measure for uva protection, which is why spf indicates only uvb protection. Yes, you should probably keep using sunscreen, although some who may want to play it extra safe could switch to sunscreens …


MyChelle Dermaceuticals, Replenishing Solar Defense Body Lotion, SPF 50, Anti-Aging, 6 fl oz (177 ml)

$23.60

No-ad spf 30 sunscreen lotion, a chemical sunscreen lotion, absorbs well and is easy to rub in. With zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, argan oil and white tea, this lotion will revitalize even the driest of skin. Many body scrubs are formulated to be used several times a week while others are gentle enough to be used every day. But the recent news that sunscreen ingredients can soak into your bloodstream has caused concern. (We found that the chemical-formula banana boat dry balance sunscreen lotion spf 50 smelled just as sweet, though we did not test it at the beach). Studies have shown that people apply about a quarter of the recommended dose of sunscreen, which is an inadequate amount. Per fda regulations, sunscreen can be labeled as water resistant for only up to 80 minutes, by which point you likely should have reapplied anyway. Manufacturers have to submit supporting data if the formulation is a spray or another dosage form of which comparison with the regular dosage form, such as cream or lotion, is not possible. Most of us apply sunscreen before heading to the park, pool or beach, but did you know you should be shielding yourself from the sun on a daily basis?


Derma E, Sun Defense Mineral Sunscreen, SPF 30, 4 oz (113 g)

$11.90

The eltamd uv sport sunscreen is on the more expensive side, but most reviewers found that a little goes a long way and the results are worth the price. It rubs in easily and does not leave the skin greasy. In fact, given the widespread use of sunscreen, and the lack of any data showing increases in problems related to them, it probably is safe. After two-week, whole-body application, there was no change in follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) levels or luteinizing hormone (Lh) levels, but there was a minor difference in testosterone levels. In addition to providing protection from uv rays with an spf rating of 30, the fresh sugar sport treatment sunscreen also contains hydrating avocado oil and black currant seed oil to naturally moisturize and soften your lips. A high uv index means that unprotected skin will burn faster or more severely. The more melanin/pigment in your skin, the longer you can theoretically stay out in the sun naturally. A, however, has wanted to know: To what degree are chemicals applied to the skin absorbed into the body, and what are the possible effects of those chemicals? No-ad spf 30 sunscreen lotion, a chemical sunscreen lotion, absorbs well and is easy…


Alba Botanica, Kids Sunscreen, Tropical Fruit, SPF 45, 4 oz (113 g)

$5.80

So, as you may have just concluded, you are almost certainly not using enough sunscreen. Per fda regulations, sunscreen can be labeled as water resistant for only up to 80 minutes, by which point you likely should have reapplied anyway. Apply sunscreen 30 minutes before going out and reapply it every two hours or more frequently if you take your baby into the pool or if he or she is sweating. Over the years, sunscreen shopping has been demystified thanks to the skin cancer foundation and the nonprofit environmental working group. A pioneer in natural personal care for 47 years, tom’s of maine believes what is inside a product matters and formulated it’s hypoallergenic baby products with input from parents. The mechanisms are unclear, but the skin is particularly susceptible to the harmful effects of solar uv during childhood. All sunscreens have a sun protection factor, or spf. But how does the sun cause such serious harm to our skin? Every product we make is not only gentle and safe for sensitive skin, but is impressively effective at getting the job done. I have very sensitive skin and neutrogena is one of the only brands i do not have a reaction to, so i use the baby version …


BabyGanics, Pure Mineral Sunscreen Lotion, SPF 30, 4 oz (118 ml)

$6.70

Nurture my body provides the gentle and nourishing baby products that can put your mind at ease and are ideal for delicate, sensitive skin. Pediatric dermatologist patricia treadwell noted that spray sunscreens are easy to accidentally inhale, posing a significant health risk. Other information: Sun alert: Limiting sun exposure, wearing protective clothing and using sunscreens minimize health risks. Thinkbaby and thinksport is a founding member of the sun safety coalition, and a member of the safe screen council. And just one sunburn during childhood raises the risk of melanoma (The most deadly type of skin cancer) as well as wrinkles later in life. The cap on the bottle of pure sun defense sunscreen spray spf 50, a chemical sunscreen, gave us significant trouble. Sunscreens that rely on non-nano particles of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide tend to be thicker and more chalky, but the trade-off is that the particles cannot penetrate the skin (Although there is no published evidence that nanoparticles are harmful).


Biosolis, Sun Milk, Sunscreen, SPF 30, 3.4 fl oz (100 ml)

$15.90

Research shows that people who rely on sunscreens alone tend to burn more than those who stay in the shade and wear long sleeves. It’s the only sunscreen that does not make my face break out. In addition to their active ingredients, sunscreens contain a preservative to prevent microbe growth (More on those preservatives below). The portable size of the container makes it the perfect sunscreen to take on the go. Their body lotion with spf 15 gives you full protection from uva and uvb rays in addition to great hydration. Chemical sunscreens can also harm aquatic life, according to studies, so if you are near or in the water, you should check out our guide to the best eco-friendly mineral sunscreens that are reef safe. There are two main types of sunscreens available for you to consider: Physical and chemical. If you must use a spray or stick sunscreen, try to cover your skin with a substantial layer of the product, and blend to cover any gaps. Our testers found that hello bello mineral sunscreen lotion spf 50, a physical sunscreen that contains non-nano zinc oxide, had an overly artificial, extremely sweet smell. I tried it again today thinking maybe it was something else that was…


Neutrogena, Ultra Sheer Dry Touch Sunscreen, SPF 55, 3.0 fl oz (88 ml)

$7.40

When we wrote about sunscreen for kids and babies earlier this month, lindsey bordone, an assistant professor of dermatology at the columbia university medical center and three other dermatologists recommended this specific brand from neutrogena, which is formulated for babies, features a broad-spectrum spf 50 shield against uva and uvb rays, and is dermatologist-tested, water-resistant, and hypoallergenic. 1 Chemical sunscreens tend to be greasier but go on translucent. Significant doses collect when tens of thousands of people wear sunscreen while swimming in the ocean. Dermatologists recommend a full ounce for an average adult in a bathing suit, applied every two hours, as well as after swimming or vigorous exercise. The sunscreen cannot be sold in the united states until it goes through this process and gets fda approval. It also gives an antioxidant boost to protect skin from free-radical damage. Unlike organic sun protection, conventional sunscreens are laden with synthetic chemicals that are petroleum-based and may be either carginogens or hormone disruptors. The downside to some mineral sunscreens is the filmy white layer they leave behind. Water resistance is a must in …


Blue Lizard Australian Sunscreen, Sensitive, Mineral Sunscreen, SPF 30+, 5 fl oz (148 ml)

$13.00

Physical sunscreens typically leave behind a white cast, unless you are using a tinted product or one that uses nanotechnology to break down particles. Studies on people have shown that oxybenzone absorbed through the skin flushes out in pee. No spray sunscreen is as easy to apply properly as a lotion, but the banana boat sport performance clear ultramist sunscreen spf 100 bottle is the easiest spray to hold and produces the most direct stream. To find the best sunscreens, we talked to cosmetic chemists ron robinson and perry romanowski, and to lisa quale, a health educator at the university of arizona cancer center. (No-ad spf 45 sunscreen lotion is a slightly thicker version). If you like to keep your morning routine minimal, this mineral sunscreen is a great choice. There are companies working on creating better film formers and more water-resistant sunscreen formulas. But if you are concerned about chemical exposure and prefer to use a mineral sunscreen, a few mineral products in our tests received good overall scores. Use qsun to get reminded to reapply sunscreen. Since you will be using this sunscreen while working out, it’s safe to say you will be breaking a sweat.


Badger Company, Natural Mineral Sunscreen Cream, Broad Spectrum SPF 15, Unscented, 2.9 fl oz (87 ml)

$12.00

Morrill told us that another reason to consider mineral sunscreens is because some chemical ones contain oxybenzone, which research indicates can significantly destroy coral-reef ecosystems. We’ve taken all the above into consideration, done the research, and read the reviews to come up with the best sports sunscreens that will keep you protected from the sun even while your busting out a sweat. Dermatologists sometimes recommend applying spray with the nozzle directly against your skin so it comes out as a liquid, which seems to largely defeat the purpose of using a spray. This is a measure of how closely a sunscreen’s tested spf matched the spf on the label. And that is the best part: I have timed it multiple times, and a quarter-sized blob of the hydro boost absorbs in about 10 seconds, and disappears on pale, medium, and deep skin tones. Apply enough sunscreen to cover all exposed skin. Instead, spray sunscreen onto your hands, then apply it to your face. Apply sunscreen 15 to 30 minutes before you go outside. But be aware that these physical sunscreens are also the types that can leave a white cast on your skin. A sunscreen that offers the above helps to protect your skin f…


Think, Thinkbaby, Sunscreen SPF 50+, 3 fl oz (89 ml)

$9.00

This means that your skin is protected because the uv rays never actually hit your body. Q: Should i stop using sunscreens that contain any of the 12 ingredients that the fda wants more safety data on? Sunscreens that rely on non-nano particles of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide tend to be thicker and more chalky, but the trade-off is that the particles cannot penetrate the skin (Although there is no published evidence that nanoparticles are harmful). What skin changes occur during pregnancy? When it comes to covering up your kids, the same rules apply to them as to you. Woollen clothing) in direct contact with your baby’s skin. The environmental working group has an online database where they assign a rating to various products to measure their toxicity level and safety. Conventional sunscreen is loaded with chemicals, including parabens, well-established carcinogens, and oxybenzone, an endocrine disruptor that may generate free radicals when exposed to ultraviolet light. Use shade, clothing and a sunscreen with an spf of at least 30 to protect yourself. Ellie has very fair skin, and she has not gotten a sunburn at all while using this product (I always reapply every two hours). If you want to look tan, you may wish to use a self-tanning product, but continue to use sunscreen with it. Like coppertone ultra guard, no-ad sport is a chemical sunscreen that offers adequate spf and broad-spectrum protection and is water resistant for up to 80 minutes.


Caribbean Solutions, Sol Kid Kare, Sunscreen, SPF 30, 4 oz

$15.00

Many stores sell baby-sized versions with soft elastic straps to keep the glasses on). Uva is linked to skin damage and the more harmful forms of skin cancer. The nozzle produced a stream of mist that was less aerated and more concentrated than with many of the other sunscreens we tested, meaning more sunscreen should end up on your skin. People with naturally brown or black skin are less likely to get skin cancer, as darker skin has some protection against uv rays. (For a truly cosmetic-friendly sunscreen, you might consider beatycounter’s countersun sunscreen, which we reviewed). Although this sunscreen is one of the pricier ones, a little goes a long way, so a bottle should last a while. Barrier to help reduce skin surface irritation. All of the dermatologists we spoke to stressed that the active ingredients in sunscreen are vigorously tested for safety by the fda. Neutrogena even has a zinc oxide sunscreen for adults that tested well in our facial sunscreen studies. Woollen clothing) in direct contact with your baby’s skin. Spray sunscreens are deceptively difficult to apply adequately and generally cost around twice as much per ounce as comparable lotions. Second, a recent …


Neutrogena, Pure & Free Baby Sunscreen, SPF 60+, 0.47 oz (13 g)

$6.60

Can you expose kids to too little sunlight? (Rather than commission it’s own testing of sunscreens, as consumer reports does, the ewg analyzes existing sunscreen test data). If your child is old enough to wear sunscreen, though, below are some kid-specific favorites recommended by the 15 dermatologists we spoke to (All of whom emphasized that reapplying every two hours, or right after a good swim or sweat, is just as important as applying). Sunburn in babies how much sunscreen should baby wear? And to achieve the spf factor of your sunscreen you have to reapply every two hours. Women’s health participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. It is a non-comedogenic, hypoallergenic smooth emollient lotion, and contains all natural ingredients, which makes it one the best sunscreens for babies under 6 months. This means the sunscreen provides protection while swimming or sweating up to the time listed on the label. Blue lizard has the minerals zinc oxide and titanium dioxide as the active ingredients, and these work as sunscreen because they sit on the skin and…